The other being the categorical imperative stated in Kant's words as: "Act as if the maxim (principle) of your action were to become through your will a general natural law." (2) The categorical imperative is based on a thought experiment: you have to imagine what the world would be like…

Kant

Kant starts off making two distinctions regarding kinds of knowledge, empirical/rational and formal/material. Empirical or experience-based knowledge is compared with rational knowledge, which is independent of experience. This distinction between empirical and rational knowledge rests on a difference in sources of evidence used to support the two different kinds of…